Overview
Identification
Country
GhanaEvaluation Title
Transportation
Evaluation Type
Independent Evaluation
ID Number DDI-MCC-GHA-IE-TRANS-2020-v03 |
Overview
Abstract
The evaluation of investments in the road infrastructure of Ghana has three main components:
1. Recalculation of the Economic Rates of Return (ERRs) for the project using Highway Design and Management (HDM-4). The results of the HDM-4 analysis show the ERR of the N1 Highway is 22.6 percent; the ERR of the Trunk Road Activity is 4.9 percent; and the overall ERR for the Feeder Roads Activity is 0.4 percent.
2. Performance evaluation of the roads investments,, including studying road maintenance practices, who is using the roads and whether reductions in transportation costs are shared with users. Key results include: (1) Road upgrades led to reduced transportation costs, including major reductions in traffic congestion on the N1; (2) there is some evidence of increased competition in freight and passenger transport, through an increase in the frequency of service and more modes of transport, but (3) road maintenance needs in Ghana far exceeds funds available for maintenance, which may limit the sustainability of the investments in the longer term.
3. Impact evaluation using satellite imagery and secondary survey data. Results show that communities located along improved roads experienced greater asset growth compared to similar communities along roads that were not improved.
Evaluation Methodology
Other (Performance Evaluation)
Units of Analysis
Community, households, administrative units; OTHER: road, trip
Kind of Data
Other
Questionnaires
Community (traffic and vehicle operating cost survey), Administrative (transportation agency key informant interviews), Household (vehicle intercept survey and focus groups)
Geographic Coverage
The project took place on feeder roads in the Northern Region, Volta Region, Eastern Region and Central Region of Ghana, as well as the N1 highway in Accra and a trunk road in the Ashanti region.
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|
|
Transport
| MCC Sector | |
Keywords
Ghana, Ghana compact, Roads, Infrastructure, Transportation, HDM-4, RED
Producers and Sponsors
Primary Investigator(s)
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|
|
Mathematica
| |
Funding
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|
|
Millennium Challenge Corporation
| MCC | |
Metadata Production
Metadata Produced By
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|
| Mathematica | Mathematica | Independent Evaluator |
Date Produced
2020-08-07
Metadata Version
Version 03
Metadata ID Number
DDI-MCC-GHA-IE-TRANS-2020-v03
MCC Compact and Program
Compact or Threshold
Ghana Compact (2007 - 2012)
Program
To address constraints to economic growth and poverty reduction, the first Ghana compact with the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) aimed to reduce poverty through economic growth led by the agriculture sector. The compact funded three projects designed to increase agricultural production and productivity and enhance the competitiveness of high-value cash and food crops. These were the Agriculture, Transportation, and Rural Development projects. Improvements to transportation networks were funded by the Transportation and Agriculture Projects, including: (1) upgrading a key segment of the National Highway 1 (N1) in order to reduce bottlenecks between the Kotoka International Airport and the Port of Tema, (2) improvements to segments of a secondary, or trunk road in the Afram Basin, and (3) the rehabilitation of tertiary or feeder roads in eight districts.
MCC Sector
Transport (Trans)
Program Logic
The investment in Ghana’s roads infrastructure was intended to support agribusiness development by expanding access to domestic and international agricultural markets. Roads improvements would reduce vehicle operating costs (VOCs) and travel times leading to increased and cheaper movement of goods and people on the roads. In turn, this would promote access to markets, increase investment, and increase the accumulation of human capital in order to increase the production and productivity of cash crops and the competitiveness of the agricultural sector in international markets. The N1 Highway activity focuses particularly on increased access to national and international markets for agriculture by addressing a major bottleneck near the Tema port within the region of Accra. The expected beneficiaries were road users (including transport operators and vehicle passengers) as well as farmers, who would receive increased cash crop revenue, and households living near the roads.
Program Participants
Roads users
Documentation in PDF