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Mongolia - Property Rights - Special Hashaa Plot

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Reference ID DDI-MCC-MNG-IPA-SHPS-2012-v01
Year 2011 - 2013
Country Mongolia
Producer(s) Innovations for Poverty Action
Sponsor(s) Millennium Challenge Corporation - MCC -
Metadata PDF Documentation in PDF
Created on May 30, 2014
Last modified Mar 08, 2018
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Overview
Identification
Country
Mongolia
Evaluation Title
Property Rights - Special Hashaa Plot

Evaluation Type
Independent Impact Evaluation
ID Number
DDI-MCC-MNG-IPA-SHPS-2012-v01
Version
Version Description
Anonymized dataset for public distribution

Overview
Abstract
The impact evaluation study of the MCA-M PRP will be the first fully randomized evaluation of a large-scale land titling program. Randomization will occur at the geographic level akin to a neighborhood. Mongolian cities are divided up into a number of administrative units - the smallest being the “kheseg”. Khesegs were chosen as the unit of randomization for the study because they are a well-defined unit that is small and numerous enough to allow for sufficient statistical power. The baseline estimation strategy will be a differences-in-differences approach, where we compare the outcomes of households in the treatment group with the control group as well as before and after the completion of the formalization activities. Exposure to treatment was 66% in Darkhan and Erdenet, and 50% in Ulaanbaatar districts. There are no results to report as of now because only the baseline has been conducted so far.

Evaluation Methodology
Randomization
Units of Analysis
Kheseg (Neighborhood)

Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]

Questionnaires
Household questionnaire prepared in both Mongolian and English. The team organized 4 pilot testings involving 109 respondents. Modules: - Log of attempts made to take survey, - 1. Registration section 2. Control section (filled by enumerator) 3. Introduction to survey 4. Basic Information 5. Demographic, education level and residential information of household members 6. Economic activities and incomes of household members 7. Household assets and properties 8. Planned future investments 9. Registration status of plot being surveyed 10. Implementation level of the 2003 amendment to the Land Law. 11. Accessability of land registration information and service quality at General Authority of State Registration 12. Land conflicts 13. Hashaa plot sales and its market value 14. Infrastructure of hashaa plots 15. Household spendings 16. Household business activities 17. Insurance 18. Household loans 19. Government policy and thoughts on its implementation 20. Citizens' involvement and labor in common 21. Risk evaluation

Geographic Coverage
Regionally: Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan and Erdenet

Topics
TopicVocabularyURI
Land MCC Sector
Gender
Keywords
Income, Property and investment, Property and saving
Producers and Sponsors
Primary Investigator(s)
NameAffiliation
Innovations for Poverty Action
Funding
NameAbbreviationRole
Millennium Challenge Corporation MCC
Metadata Production
Metadata Produced By
NameAbbreviationRole
Millennium Challenge CorporationMCCReview of Metadata
Innovations for Poverty ActionIPAIndependent Evaluator
Date Produced
2014-05-08
Metadata Version
Version 1.0.

Metadata ID Number
DDI-MCC-MNG-IPA-SHPS-2012-v01
MCC Compact and Program
Compact or Threshold
Mongolia Compact
Program
In recent years, large numbers of rural Mongolians have migrated to Mongolia's urban centers, primarily its three biggest cities - Ulaanbaatar, Erdenet and Darkhan - where they tend to settle in underdeveloped urban areas known as ger districts.2 The majority of these migrants occupy plots of land (called hashaas) for long periods of time, typically erecting fences to mark off the plots and lay claim to them. Only in the last 10 years, however, has there been a formal mechanism by which migrants could obtain legally recognized rights to the land they occupy. Nevertheless, the current complexity of registering land and the associated expenses make it difficult for many citizens to obtain formal private titles. The MCA-M PRP aims to improve the efficiency and transparency of the formal system for privatizing and registering land rights in Mongolia and thereby provide all Mongolians with greater access to private land titles. Project funding will support the following two activities: 1. Improvement of the land privatization and registration system by: a. Establishing a commission of stakeholders and technical experts to make recommendations on how to decrease legal and institutional barriers; b. Upgrading the geospatial infrastructure used by Mongolian government agencies to survey and manage land; c. Capacity-building for land offices; and, d. Refurbishing the State Registry's central office space and establishing new offices in four districts of Ulaanbaatar, as well as eight regional centers around the country. 2. Privatization and registration of ger3 area land plots by providing direct assistance to citizens who wish to privatize their land plots in low and middle income ger district areas. The SHPS Baseline Report describes data that was collected in conjunction with an experimental evaluation of the second activity related to privatizing and registering land plots in ger areas.
MCC Sector
Land (Land)
Program Logic
Key outcomes to be evaluated include a) ownership and registration status of household plots, b) cost and time to register, c) household income, d) land values, e) household access to credit and terms under which they receive credit, f) probability that land is bought and sold by facilitating land transactions, and g) number of households undertaking improvements to their land.
Program Participants
Khesegs, the equivalent of a neighborhood, were randomly selected to be targeted by the project in three districts of Ulaanbaatar, and in the cities of Darkhan and Erdenet.